Operation [Video Lesson]

Basic Working:

A sludge burner is placed in the incinerator to burn and dispose of sewage, sludge, and waste oil. An auxiliary oil burner is also fitted to ignite the refuse. Automatic controls provided for the system secure the igniter when the refuse starts burning without the need for the igniter.

Combustion air is supplied with the help of a forced draught fan. A loading door, pneumatically operated, is provided to load the refuse. An interlock is also provided with a burner and forced draught fan, which trips when the loading door is in an open condition as part of the safety.

Solid waste is fed from the loading door, and the incineration process starts after closing the door. Liquid waste is fed through the waste oil burner into the system when the refractory of the incinerator becomes hot. After the completion of the incineration process, the incinerator is allowed to cool down, and residue like ash and the non-combustibles are removed by pulling the ash slide door. The rotating arm in the verticle cyclone type scrapes off the entire solid residue in the ash box which can be easily disposed of.

During incineration, it is important to control the exhaust temperature, which should not be very high or too low. The high temperature could lead to the melting of metal and can cause damage to the machinery, whereas too low a temperature will not be able to burn the residue and sterilize and remove odour from the residue.

This temperature control can be achieved by introducing cold-diluted air into the exhaust stream at a point which is as close to the incinerator discharge.

Operation Procedure:

• The Incinerator has two chambers, the primary combustion chamber to burn sludge oil or solid waste and a secondary combustion chamber to burn uncombusted exhaust gases.
• The primary chamber is equipped with a primary burner that uses diesel oil for initial ignition, followed by sludge oil until it ignites.
• The primary burner is then turned off manually or automatically.
• To ensure efficient combustion, atomizing air is supplied to the sludge burner.
• The sludge return line is equipped with a pressure-regulating valve to control the amount of sludge entering the conversion space.
• For burning solid waste, it is fed through the feeding or loading door. The primary burner is used to burn solid waste.
• The primary burner’s heat dries and ignites the solid waste, and the large transmission area in the primary chamber optimizes the process.
• In the secondary chamber, gases from the primary chamber are burned out.

Video Lesson: